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ABAinChinese
中文教學+自閉症資訊
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Negative reinforcement is often used to teach self-help skills and replacement
behaviors to take the place of interfering behaviors (e.g., repetitive,
stereotypical, disruptive); however, it also can be used to teach all skills.
Negative reinforcement is often used only after other reinforcement strategies,
such as positive reinforcement and differential reinforcement (Please refer to
Differential Reinforcement,
developed by the National Professional Development
Center on ASD, 2009) 。
負面增強作用，是自閉症學習者使用某一目標行為或技能之後，能
成功地挪去學習者厭惡的東西。亦即是，學習者的行為努力要擺脫
令他們不快的東西。
負面增強作用，通常被用來改變干擾性行為 （例如，重複性行
為、固執性行為、破壞性行為）。
當負面增強作用操作成功，能增加學習者使用和/或維護我們設定
的目標行為(Alberto & Troutman, 2008; Zirpoli, 2005）。
負面增強作用，經常被用來教自料的技能和替代行為以介入，例如
重複性行為、固執性行為、破壞性的行為；然而，它也可用來教所
有的技能。
通常在正面增强作用和區分性增强策略無效之後，使用負面增強作
用(
Please refer to
Differential Reinforcement,
developed by the
National Professional Development Center on ASD, 2009)。